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applied science

Discussion: Comparing Two Groups: Independent Sample t Tests

A researcher who wishes to compare two populations often is interested either in estimating the difference between two population means or in testing hypotheses about this difference. In order to accomplish either task, information (in the form of a sample) must be obtained from each population. The sample information then is used to make inferences about the difference between these two population means. The type of t test to use when testing hypotheses concerning two population means can depend on several factors. One of these is the method of obtaining samples. For example:

Imagine that a high school developed a new course in reading comprehension for its freshmen. The high school wants to know whether the new course is more effective than the old one. That is, will the mean reading level for freshmen who are given the course be higher than the mean reading level for freshmen who are not given the course?

One way to study the question would be to select a group of freshmen, give them the new course, and then compare their scores on a reading examination with the scores of a group of freshmen from the same institution who did not take the new course. The two samples of scores in this case are called independent. Another method would be to select one group of students and compare their scores on a reading test before they take the new course with their scores on the reading test after they take the new course.  In this case, the two samples of scores would be called dependent, or paired.

Two samples are said to be independent if the data values obtained from one are unrelated to the values of the other. In the example above, the high school could examine the mean reading level of two independent populations: one that took the new course and one that did not take the new course.

In contrast, the samples are said to be dependent if each data value from one sample is paired in a natural way with a data value from the other sample. In the example above, the same population of students took a reading test before the new course and then took a reading test after the new course. Each student would have two scores. These two scores are paired in a natural way—each score came from the same student.

Now, whether we are dealing with dependent samples or independent samples, we compare the means of two populations by focusing on their difference (i.e., Mean1–Mean2). In this course, you will learn how to make inferences about the difference between two population means when the two samples are independent, yielding what was mentioned earlier as an independent samples t test.

For this Discussion, you will expand the new dataset that you created in Week 7.

To Prepare:

  • Based on the US Demographic Information_PA_PS dataset from Week 9, compare income between the red states and the blue states.
  • Use your PSPP software, or statistical software of your choice, to help you conduct your independent samples t test of your data for this Discussion.
  • For students using the PSPP statistical software program, review the Learning Resources document Working with Datasets Job Aid for information about how to complete the tasks identified in the To Prepare and Post activities.
By Day 4 (Post First)

Post the results of your independent samples t test to compare income from the red states to income from the blue states. Next, using the p value associated with the t test (i.e., Sig. Two-tailed), determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in income between blue states and red states. Explain how big this difference is and what this means.

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Assignment 3: Managing a Compliant and Diverse Workplace

Assignment 3: Managing a Compliant and Diverse Workplace

Due Week 8 and worth 190 points

Recall from Assignment 1(Assignment 1 is attach) the company had a few HR-related lawsuits that were not in the company’s favor. To be more specific, claims of harassment, not reasonably accommodating disabilities and work-life balance concerns were all issues brought by employees forcing the company to answer to, and defend itself. As the new CHRO you want to enact stronger policies and guidelines to avoid these types of situations in the future.

Write a five to six (5-6) page paper in which you:

  1. Briefly note how harassment in the workplace affects equal employment opportunity and describe at least 4 elements a plaintiff must show to go forward with a harassment claim. How might an organization avoid these elements from occurring? HINT:
    https://i-sight.com/resources/6-tips-to-avoid-harassment-and-discrimination-claims/
  2. Explain your overall understanding on reasonable accommodation of disability (consider reviewing ADA rules). Then, discuss a minimum of 3 things a plaintiff filing a failure to accommodate claim must show that helps to prove they are qualified for the job in question.
  3. Make a connection between religious advocacy/harassment and bona fide occupational qualification. Can churches promoting a certain religion refuse to hire those who have a different religion? If so or if not, why?
  4. Discuss your overall understanding of FMLA and the pregnancy discrimination act as it relates to organizations granting leave for each. Then, identify 2-3 common FMLA mistakes managers make and what you would do to avoid the mistakes. HINT: http://www.kansastag.gov/AdvHTML_Upload/files/FMLA-5-Slip-Ups-White-Paper.pdf
  5. Go to https://research.strayer.edu to locate at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other websites do not qualify as academic resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Assess and avoid various discrimination and harassment violations to aid in maintaining a diverse workforce.
  • Develop policies that are compliant with employment laws.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in employment law.
  • Write clearly and concisely about employment law using proper writing mechanic.

Click here to view the rubric for this assignment.

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forum 602

INSTRUCTIONS: To post, click Capital Structure to access the topic and then click on New Conversation button.

Consider the following statement: “The size of a company is not important. What does matter, whether it is a large corporation or a small business, is the capital structure – it always has and always will.”

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Discussion Question 1 week 8

“Unions and OSHA”  Please respond to the following:

  • From the first e-Activity, evaluate the overall importance of the National Labor Relations Board. Next, summarize the pertinent details of the case that you have selected, and give your opinion of the board’s decision and the fairness of the outcome. Support your response with specific details from the selected case.
  • From the second e-Activity, evaluate the overall importance of OSHA. Next, give your opinion of whether OSHA offers enough protection or overregulates the safety of workers. Support your response with specific details from the selected news story.

eActivities

  • Go to the “Board Decisions” section of the National Labor Relations Board’s website, located at http://www.nlrb.gov/cases-decisions/board-decisions, and use the search option to find and then review one (1) case concerning unions and / or collective bargaining. Be prepared to discuss.
  • Go to the United States Department of Labor’s website, and review one (1) article from the Occupational Safety & Health Administration’s (OSHA) “Latest News” section, located at https://www.osha.gov/. Be prepared to discuss.

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Reading

How to answer short answer questions?

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Christianity

 Type of paper:Essay

  • Topic:History
  • Pages:2 pages / 550 words
  • Subject:History & Religion
  • Type of services:Writing from scratch
  • Paper Format:Other

 Paper Instructions

In the first century CE, the Roman world saw the emergence of a new religion, Christianity, which would have lasting influence in the development of the West. Two documents from that time shed light on basic Christian beliefs and how they were received by skeptical Roman observers. Based on the excerpts from “The Sermon on the Mount”, what aspects of Jesus’ teaching would be especially appealing to ordinary people? In contrast, what does Celsus criticize about Christianity, and why does he think traditional Greek and Roman religion is superior?

I have also attached a copy of “an excellent first paper”. this is a draft we should following along with making paper two amaazing.

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Sheena Only

I need help with a written assignment, any article related to the topics such as: supply, demand, interest rate, taxes, subsides, inflation, unemployment . this article must be 1-2 pages summary/analysis, APA format. 

1) Introduce your article summary.

2) What is the article’s main idea. Explain / Summarize in your own words what is the article writing about. 

3) What it the issue at hand, what is the author’s point of view, how is the author substantiating his opinion on the matter?

4) Want to get an “A” then use other sources if desired to talk about the same topic and expand the author’s article.

5) End it by providing your opinion on the matter. Do you believe the article is right/wrong and why, is there any right/wrong on this matter? Notice any claims you make must be substantiated by hard information, data that supports your claim. 

due tomorrow 11/19/2019 11:59pm 

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Forum Post 603

Directions  

Post a summary of your initial reactions to the case study and any questions or concerns you may have about this case study or completing the assignment. I will do my best to address any and all concerns accordingly. (LO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

You may also watch the attached video captured by Adobe Creative Cloud and comment on this week’s problem set. You do not need to have Adobe Creative Cloud to watch this. 

This is the case study

Review, analyze, and complete the Chase Manhattan Bank Case Study below.

The workload in many areas of bank operations has the characteristics of a nonuniform distribution with respect to time of day. For example, at Chase Manhattan Bank in New York, the number of domestic money transfer requests received from customers, if plotted against time of day, would appear to have the shape of an inverted U curve with the peak around 1 P.M. For efficient use of resources, the personnel available should, therefore, vary correspondingly. A variable capacity can be achieved effectively by employing part-time personnel. Because part-timers are not entitled to all the fringe benefits, they are often more economical than full-time employees. Other considerations, however, may limit the extent to which part-time people can be hired in a given department. The problem is to find an optimum workforce schedule that would meet personnel requirements at any given time and also be economical. Some of the factors affecting personnel assignment are listed here:

  1. By corporate policy, part-time personnel hours are limited to a maximum of 40% of the day’s total requirement.
  2. Full-time employees work for 8 hours (1 hour for lunch included) per day. Thus, a full-timer’s productive time is 35 hours per week.
  3. Part-timers work for at least 4 hours per day but less than 8 hours and are not allowed a lunch break.
  4. Fifty percent of the full-timers go to lunch between 11 A.M. and noon, and the remaining 50% go between noon and 1 P.M.
  5. The shift starts at 9 A.M. and ends at 7 P.M. (i.e., overtime is limited to 2 hours). Any work left over at 7 P.M. is considered holdover for the next day.
  6. A full-time employee is not allowed to work more than 5 hours overtime per week. He or she is paid at the normal rate for overtime hours—not at one-and-a-half times the normal rate applicable to hours in excess of 40 per week. Fringe benefits are not applied to overtime hours.

In addition, the following costs are pertinent:
1. The average cost per full-time personnel hour (fringe benefits included) is $10.11.
2. The average cost per overtime personnel hour for full-timers (straight rate excluding fringe benefits) is $8.08.
3. The average cost per part-time personnel hour is $7.82.

The personnel hours required, by hour of day, are given in the following Table.

TABLE: Workforce Requirements

NUMBER OF PERSONNEL            TIME PERIOD REQUIRED

The bank’s goal is to achieve the minimum possible personnel cost subject to meeting or exceeding the hourly workforce requirements as well as the constraints on the workers listed earlier.

Discussion Questions:
1. What is the minimum-cost schedule for the bank?
2. What are the limitations of the model used to answer question 1?
3. Costs might be reduced by relaxing the constraint that no more than 40% of the day’s requirement be met by part-timers. Would changing the 40% to a higher value significantly reduce costs?

Source: Adapted from Shyam L. Moondra. “An L. P. Model for Work Force Scheduling for Banks,” Journal of Bank Research (Winter 1976): 299–301.

Label your completed file CS1 – Your Team’s Name (Team A, B, or C) and upload it to Case Study 2 assignment. You do not need to write many words, but you do need to answer all the questions above. If you do not address those three questions in particular, points will be deducted. Question 1 has 50 points, Question 2 has 20 points and Question 3 has 30 points. Upload your file to this Case Study assignment. 

Hint: For Question 3, please choose a hypothetical higher number, say 45% or 50%, to illustrate your analysis and conclusion. You also need to explain why. In some cases, you may use the “QM for Windows” software (rather than Excel QM) to obtain the LP diagram to support your finding. After solving your LP program, you may click on “Windows” and the select “Graphs” to get to the graph output. You may then copy and paste any graph into your word document. However, this option may not work in all cases. Please discuss why. 

Here is a link that discuss the approach to solution for Chase Manhattan Bank Case Study

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